1687–89 – A wooden palisade is erected to protect the town. 1846 – Foundation of the Montreal City and District Savings Bank, now known as the, 1847 – Telegraph service between Montréal and. Paul-André Linteau’s The History of Montréal provides essential background for both Montrealers and all those who will converge on the city to celebrate the 375th anniversary of the founding of Montreal in 1642.. Montreal has always intrigued. As the capital of the United Province of Canada from 1844 to 1849, Montreal attracted more English-speaking immigrants: Late Loyalists, Irish, Scottish, and English. Montreal officially became a city in 1832. In the modern Mohawk language, Montreal is called Tiohtià:ke. Morisset, Lucie K., and Luc Noppen. A joint board covering the entire Island of Montreal, in which the city of Montreal has the upper hand, retains many powers. 1915 – Inauguration of new custom house at 105. The city's growth was spurred by the opening of the Lachine Canal, which permitted ships to pass by the unnavigable Lachine Rapids south of the island. British immigration expanded the city. 1930 – Beginning of commercial flights from Montreal. [58], During the early 1700s, many military expeditions left from Montreal to finally deal with the Hostile natives and to strengthen alliances with the Native allies. Riots led by Tories led to the burning of the Provincial Parliament. The roofs in Montreal were designed to be of a sharp pitch and they were topped not with slate, which common in France, but were uncommon in Montreal, and they used cedar shingles and the cheaper method of Canadian-style sheet metal roofing. Founding member of Montreal Hells Angels successfully appeals parole decision. 1843 – Foundation of the religious congregation Saints-Noms-de-Jésus-et-de-Marie. [46] Furs were traded illegally between Quebec and Albany, however these instances were less extensive than the illegal trade between Quebec and France or Boston. A fortress named Ville Marie was built in 1642 as part of a project to create a French colonial empire. With so many men unemployed women had to scrimp on spending to meet the reduced family budget. The stories of the companions of Samuel de Champlain, the families who lives, worked, survived, and endured life at an isolated trading post in the strange New World-- these stories add flesh to the dry bones of the history of the seventeenth-century Age of Exploration. John Wilkes Booth spent some time in Montréal prior to assassinating President Lincoln, and in one case was said to have drunkenly gallivanted throughout the city telling anyone who would listen of his plan to kill Lincoln. Denise Larson 502-8290 160226A 1862 – Montreal Sailor's Institute founded. 1705 – Montreal is now the official name for the city formerly named Ville-Marie. André de Vautour, son of Léonard de Vautour and Marie Codbac, from Exideuil in Angoumois (today the department of Charente), married in Montreal on January 7, 1688 to Chatherine Cherlot, daughter of Jean Chelot and Jeanne Mansion. 1873–82 – Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes de Montréal built. • 1601 – On his map, Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan writes Hochelaga for the inhabited area, and calls the hill Mont Royal. Founding Families of Ile d'Orleans Three hundred founding families established roots on Île d’Orléans, one of the first settlements in New France. [52] The designers themselves were all similar to the Father Superior not architects by profession and so the engineers worked closely with the religious order to design and build Montreal. 1885 – Saint-Joachim de Pointe-Claire completed. Lovell directories from Montreal and area 1842-1999 Le Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec has placed scans of all of these directories on its web site. 1918 – The Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau is established. [84], The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the "Games of the XXI Olympiad", held in Montreal, was the first Olympics in Canada. The city's golden era of fur trading began with the advent of the locally owned North West Company. Plaque: "Noms des premiers colons de Montreal" / "Names of first settlers of Montréal" The names of Augustin Hébert dit Jolicoeur and his wife, Adrienne DuVivier, can be found on the top section, left-side of the plaque above.They were the great-grandparents of Louisiana progenitor, Joseph Joffrion I, spouse of Marie Jeanne Rabalais. The Great Depression in Canada brought unemployment to the city, but this waned in the mid-1930s, and skyscrapers began to be built. By the time order was restored, 108 people had been arrested. The Island of Montreal now has 16 municipalities (the city of Montreal proper plus 15 independent municipalities). The Canadian Encyclopedia. 1821 – The British garrison starts the construction of the. With developments such as Centre de Commerce Mondial (World Trade Centre), Quartier International, Square Cartier, and proposed revitalization of the harbourfront, Montreal is regaining its international position as a world-class city. A metro system opened in 1966. Canada began to recover from the Great Depression in the mid-1930s, and real estate developers began to build skyscrapers, changing Montreal's skyline. The introduction of the car in large numbers began to transform the nature of the city. [45] French merchants carried furs were carried down the Richelieu River to English, Dutch, and the converted Jesuit Iroquois at Albany. The plaque was removed in 2017. 1848 – July 5 – Run on the Savings Bank, Montreal, followed by re-deposit. 1706 – After 1706, deforestation along the riverbank is advanced enough that the opening of a road along the lake, from. 1833 – February 6 – General fast to pray for the end of the cholera epidemic. [76] In Montreal the Anglophone community continued to build McGill, one of Canada's first universities, and the wealthy continued to build large mansions at the foot of Mount Royal as the suburbs expanded. 1700 – Gédéon de Catalogne is employed by the. Ville Marie became a centre for the fur trade and French expansion into New France until 1760, when it was surrendered to the British army, following the Montreal Campaign. 1951–61 – Montreal's population grows by 35% and Toronto's by 45%. These are all the families known to us who were (or, who might have been) among the approximately 13,000 Acadians involved in the Dispersion, whether deported or […] This was because Quebec City was the primary place for merchants to migrate to; all the merchants who came to Montreal were related to a resident or another merchant. In the 18th century, the population grew at an even rate of 2.5 percent per annum until 1725 when the growth rate decreased to 0.7 percent per annum.[27]. The fort was key and effective in repelling the raids of the Iroquois and would become a station for soldiers for years to come. In 1969, a police strike resulted in 16 hours of unrest, known as the Murray Hill riot. [65] As the military headquarters, the number of military men in Montreal began to increase and the town itself was further expanded and stressed Montreal for supplies. A metro system opened in 1966. Only some of the base of the wall remains today. Jacques Cartier became the first European to reach the area now known as Montreal in 1535 when he entered the village of Hochelaga on the Island of Montreal while in search of a passage to Asia during the Age of Exploration. Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve was governor of the colony and on January 4, 1648, he granted Pierre Gadois (who was in his fifties) the first concession of land - some 40 acres (160,000 m2). [89], During the 1980s and early 1990s, Montreal experienced a slower rate of economic growth than many other major Canadian cities. Waters, 1897), 68. 1847–48 – In all, between 3,500 and 6,000 Irish immigrants die of the. The Prime Minister of Canada, Pierre Trudeau, ordered the military occupation of Montreal and invoked the War Measures Act, giving unprecedented peacetime powers to police. With the passage of Bill 101 in 1977, the government gave primacy to French as the only official language for all levels of government in Quebec, the main language of business and culture, and the exclusive language for public signage and business communication. 1775 – September 25 – attempting to take Montreal, 1775 – October 18 – The Americans capture, 1775 – Montreal falls without any significant fighting on November 13, as. About a fourth of the workforce were women, but most women were housewives. [66] Montcalm was very successful in his military efforts keeping spirits in Montreal high and the people hopeful. Montreal’s location on the St. Lawrence proved to be a major advantage in its development as a transportation, manufacturing, and financial centre. [56] After the arrival of Maisonneuve in the Second Foundation in 1653, Montreal became a front for activity throughout New France and a key launching point for expeditions into the frontier. "Architectural History: The French Colonial Régime." The Quebec Family History Society is the largest English-language genealogical society in Quebec, Canada, encouraging the study of family history in Canada, British Isles, France, Europe & the U.S. 1911 – Église Saint-Viateur d'Outremont built. While Confederate troops secured arms and supplies from the friendly British, Union soldiers and agents spied on their activity while similarly arranging for weapons shipments from France. 1862 – January – Military companies are organizing throughout Canada. 1861 – April 15 – Great inundation at Montreal. 69524 CSP Campanile Quebec, QC G1X 5A2 1.888.868.0005 The seigneurs of Montreal who owned large flock organized the manufacture and sale of their wool to compensate for the imports. Today Montreal is a thriving city and a major port. The, 1843 – After completion of the East Bell Tower of, 1843 – Superior Joseph-Vincent Quiblier authorizes construction of, 1843 – Foundation of the religious congregation of the Sisters of Providence by. 1879 – Mary Gallagher is murdered by jealous rival Susan Kennedy on June 27. Canada declared war on Germany in September 1939, and the result was an economic boom that ended the last traces of depression. At the end of the 1960s, the independence movement in Quebec was in full swing due to a constitutional debate between the Ottawa and Quebec governments. The rural proportion represented two-thirds in the first 40 years. 1825 – First permanent theatre building in Montreal. 1864 – November 10 – Continued examination of raiders at Montreal. [33] The "compagnie de la colonie" (as the French West India Company were referred to) had significant scale of operations and capital. Due to the importance of Montreal to New France the city walls, a double wall 6.4 metres tall and over three kilometres long was erected in 1737 (after twenty years of construction) to protect the city. 1838 – November 3 – Second rebellion in Canada. [31] The kettle at this time took the form of an "easily transportable large copper cauldron". The city attracted several international organisations that moved their secretariats into Montreal's Quartier International: International Air Transport Association (IATA), International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (Icsid), International Council of Graphic Design Associations (Icograda), International Bureau for Children's Rights (IBCR), International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC) and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). After the War, President of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis stayed at a manor house located at the current site of The Bay on Sainte-Catherine's Street West; a plaque commemorating the site was installed on the West wall of the building, on Union Avenue, in 1957 by the United Daughters of the Confederacy. In fact, France was at the time showing various symptoms of social discontent that should have justified a larger number of refugees fleeing to Canada, whose abundance of resources contrasted with the famine and unemployment among the poorest classes. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Montreal, Quebec, incorporated as a city in 1832, population 1,704,694 (2016 c), 1,649,519 (2011 c). Oct 14, 2016 - Three hundred founding families established roots on Île d’Orléans, one of the first settlements in New France. Richard Preston 'Canada's RMC: A History of the Royal Military College of Canada' published by the RMC Club by U of Toronto Press. Rene Cuillerier the son of Julien and Julienne Fairfeu de Clermont , came to Montreal and married in 1665 to Marie Lecault . Québec Online Databases This chart shows links to province-wide collections. The newly elected Liberal government of Jean Lesage made reforms that helped francophone Quebecers gain more influence in politics and in the economy, thus changing the city. 1705 – Place Royale is designated as a marketplace. "Rue Notre-Dame East." 1698 – A chapel dedicated to St. Anne is founded at the south end of Murray street. In 1867, the Confederation united the existing provinces of Canada. Then in 1976, the Olympic Games were held in Montreal. [11] A bourse would have collectively chosen a representative to address these issues with the governor and commissaire de la marine. This page was last edited on 2 March 2021, at 17:18. Read More This series of Early French Canadian Pioneer microposts is dedicated to the earliest settlers of Quebec. 1689 – On June 13, construction was begun by the Montreal Sulpicians on a 2 km canal to support their monopoly on flour-milling. The community clung to life, but reports in Montreal spoke of fewer residents and decaying buildings. 1957 – The lowest temperature ever recorded was −37.8 °C (−36 °F) on January 15. To the contrary, in the early 18th century, for peasants who kept their own sheep and grew flax, production was limited to their own needs. Many buildings from this time period are concentrated in the area known today as Old Montreal. During the 2003 provincial elections, the winning Liberal Party had promised to submit the mergers to referendums. 1912–14 – Maisonneuve Market is built. The book contains much biographical information about individuals and families who settled in the area. 1776 – May – With only 1,765 soldiers remaining in Montreal, the colonial force is overcome by the British. This led to one of the most significant events to occur in Montreal during this period was the Great Peace of 1701. Montreal is a city with considerable French colonial history dating back to the 16th century. )[5] These recruits arrived on 16 November 1653 and essentially guaranteed the evolution of Ville Marie and of all New France. [10] Historica-Dominion Institute, 2012. An annual market for pelts takes place in June on the common of, 1670s – A large orchard is planted on the side of, 1670–80 – Initially, trading is done in people's homes; traders soon set up stalls between. "Central Rue Notre-Dame West," Old Montreal, last modified September 2001, "The Old Seminary and Notre-Dame Basilica.". These natives would come to Montreal on occasion to participate in economic activity. Lonnie Pylant married Missouri Cash, the only two families that lived on this road. Analysts note that the overwhelming majority of industrial sites are located in the territory of the post-demerger city of Montreal. 1783 – A lottery is started in Montreal to defray the cost of a new, 1785 – In February, the Beaver Club is formed by members of the. Deslandres, Dominique et al., ed. 1700 – At the turn of the 18th century Montreal's population is about 1,500 souls, which gradually grows to about 7,500 in the year 1760, at the time of the British conquest. Dr. Wilder Penfield, with a grant from the US Rockefeller Foundation founded the Montreal Neurological Institute at the Royal Victoria Hospital (Montreal), in 1934 to study and treat epilepsy and other neurological diseases. 1885–86 – Massive flooding and fires recorded in. 1897 – A survey of living conditions is conducted by Mr. 1898–1903 – Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church built. [2] By about 1000 A.D., nomadic Iroquoian and other peoples around the Great Lakes began to adopt the cultivation of maize and more settled lifestyles. [38] Despite the presence of natives in the settlement of Montreal there seems to be very little intermixing with only seven registered mixed marriages in Montreal, though the number of actually mixed marriages was probably slightly higher. 1642 – Significant flooding on December 23. For the conference an estimated 2000-3000 people (including roughly 1300 native delegates) entered a theatre south of Pointe-à-Callière to listen to speeches given by French leaders and native chiefs. Long before the Royal Military College of Canada was established in 1876, there were proposals for military colleges in Canada. During the early 18th century, the name of the island came to be used as the name of the town. Other developments in the cultural field included the founding of Université de Montréal in 1919 and the Montreal Symphony Orchestra in 1934. 1808 – In early 1808, sick and in debt, Edward Edwards sells the, 1808 – July 12 – 5 privates of the 100th Regiment, Montreal, are charged with desertion and are transported as felons to, 1812 – June 18 – The United States declares war against Great Britain over territorial disputes in Canada (. 1861 – January – British troops ordered to Canada. [11] Because of their importance to Montreal and New France, merchants were allowed to establish chambers of commerce called bourses and meet regularly to discuss their concerns. Montreal lacked moorings in the 17th century, forcing trans-Atlantic vessels with larger capacity to unload at Quebec. The timeline of the history of Montreal is a chronology of significant events in the history of Montreal, Canada's second-most populated city, with about 3.5 million residents in 2018,[1] and the fourth-largest French-speaking city in the world. (2004). Web. 1785 – A dark day on October 10. [84] The National Assembly of Quebec passed an emergency law forcing the police back to work. Soon after the founding of the Montreal, when the population numbered 8, the Company of One Hundred Associates gave the city's trading rights up to the colonial merchants. ... Montreal families enjoyed a day of welcome sunshine on Sunday, the last day of a March break made dreary by cold weather and COVID-19 restrictions that took travel to warm climates off the agenda. Guns, shot, bullets, and powder represented 15% of imported cargo. In 1740 Detroit's population was not much different from what it had been in 1701. More skyscrapers were built along with museums. [31] Small stocks of glassware, porcelain, and china were imported as well. The Gazette. In 2001, the provincial government announced a plan to merge major cities with their suburbs. Goods from Quebec had to be transported by river between the two towns until the construction of a road in 1735. 1843 – The first labour strike in Canada occurs. 1864 – In October, delegates from across British North America developed the terms for Confederation at a three-week conference in. [25] Illegitimacy rate for Montreal was 1.87 percent higher than the rest of colony due to the status of the Montreal as a garrison town; some unwed mothers from the countryside would abandon their children in the town. From 1962 to 1964, four of Montreal's ten tallest buildings were completed: Tour de la Bourse, Place Ville-Marie, the CIBC Building and CIL House. 1838 – The "Lord Sydenham" steamboat runs the. [67] This would prove false, because of Montcalm's lack of troops in comparison to the British. This percent of the population was maintained until 1710, through migration that was predominantly male. Louisiana Ancestors and The Founding of Montréal. The population of Montreal grew from 40,000 in 1841 to 57,000 a decade later.[75]. [28] Montreal remained subservient to Quebec due to its isolation. [32] Both Indians and Coureurs de Bois supplied furs. In 1644, Jeanne Mance founded the Hôtel-Dieu, the first hospital in North America north of Mexico.[4]. "Architectural History: The French Colonial Régime." The post-demerger city of Montreal (divided into 19 boroughs) has a territory of 366.02 km2 (141.32 sq mi) and a population of 1,583,590 inhabitants (based on 2001 census figures). 1927 – The era of Montreal's first skyscrapers begins: 1930 – The foundation of the monument of Jean Vauquelin (1728–1772) – defender of. [28] Due to the rapids upriver from Montreal, free sailing through the Saint-Laurence ended in Montreal. [16], These migrants came from different groups the largest of which were indentured servants, they were half of the males, excluding those still in service that potentially could go home. [29] However, the colony was still dependent on France for a range of finished products, iron, and salt. 1906 – Opening of the first cinema in Montreal. They note that reports from other merged municipalities across the country that show that, contrary to their primary raison d'être, the fiscal and societal costs of mega-municipalities far exceed any projected benefit. [31] 4-5% of imports were kettles. Despite the demerger referendums held in 2004, controversy continues as some politicians note the cost of demerging. 1867 – July 1 – The Dominion of Canada is formed by the confederation of several provinces. During those decades, about 300,000 English-speaking Quebecers left Quebec. Syndics were elected representatives who attended meetings of the council of Quebec and the Sovereign Council. They Chose To Stay: The Real First French Settlers of Quebec: The first attempt to settle Quebec failed when Champlain was forced to surrender to the Kirke brothers in 1627, and most of the French returned home, never to come back to Canada. The "Cadillac" portion may have come from a family estate. Noted for their philanthropic work, Scots established and funded numerous Montreal institutions, such as McGill University, the Literary and Historical Society of Quebec, the High School of Montreal, and the Royal Victoria Hospital. [20] The thirty-one girls who arrived in Montreal with the 1653 and 1659 married within the year, some within weeks of landing. Though habitants came to Montreal to sell their goods (such as eggs, chickens, vegetables, and other goods), it was never a regional distribution centre for grain. It is the metropolis of the province and was the most populous city in … [53], The lack of architects led to the lack of classical metropolitan form common in France and so many buildings had more basic designs. 1657 – In mid-August, four priests (Gabriel de Queylus, 1658 – Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve signs a contract with, 1659 – Jeanne Mance brings three nuns from the, 1663 – March, seigniorial rights to the Île de Montréal are transferred by the, 1663 - Emigration of approximately 800 young, 1667 – Almost from its inception, pelts were bartered in Montreal, which, after 1667, becomes a centre for trade. Olson, Sherry H. and Patricia A. Thornton, eds. Feb. 2013. "The habitants do not grow hemp because they get nothing for it. In the 17th century, Montreal acted as a point of trans-shipment and a stopover on the passage to the interior. Le Quartier Ste-Anne becomes infamous as a den of licentiousness, and the clergy restricts the sale of liquor around the chapel. By 1716, the French population had grown to 4,409 people while the native population was 1,177. In September 1760, the French forces finally capitulated to the British and the French colonial rule ended in Montreal. 1802 The first unofficial cavalry corps is formed in Montreal.
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